Installing elevators in old buildings must not violate relevant regulations and fire regulations

　　The installation of elevators in old buildings shall not violate relevant regulations and fire regulations:

　　（1） The choice of connecting or disconnecting the installed elevator structure with the old building

　　Ten years after the elevator was installed, most elevator structures were connected to the old building, and a few were disconnected from the old building. In terms of management, it is emphasized that disconnection should be a good choice.

　　① The installation of elevator structures in old buildings is separated from the old building, which can avoid the different settlement of new and old buildings and prevent the old building from being damaged by earthquakes; the old building will not bear the additional static and dynamic loads of the elevator structure, nor will it reduce the original seismic fortification capacity, which is conducive to ensuring the continuation of the safe service life of the old building.

　　② The structure of the elevator installed in the old building is connected to the old building, the corridor side beam, and the old building column. The expanded balcony is connected to the old balcony through anchoring with planted reinforcement, so that the old building structure can additionally increase the dynamic and static loads of the elevator structure, reduce the seismic capacity of the old building, and ambush safety hazards.

　　③ The original design of the old building did not take into account the structural defense capacity of the installed elevator, and the actual situation of the design and construction of the installed elevator was unsatisfactory.

　　④ The cross-section of almost all old building columns is 240x240. According to relevant national standards and building renovation standards: Taking the D16 steel bars used on the construction site as an example, considering the earthquake effect, the effective anchoring depth of the bonded anchor rod is ≥ 125mm, and the edge distance of the anchor bolt is ≥ 0.8~1.5 times the effective anchoring depth, then the small edge distance is 100mm; if the spacing of the embedded steel bars is ≥ 1.0~3.0 times the effective anchoring depth, the small spacing is 125mm. According to the standard calculation, it is difficult for the elevator anchor bolt margin and the embedded steel bar spacing to meet the standard requirements. If the hollow brick wall is also used as a reinforcement anchor, it is obviously in violation of the standard.

　　(2) About fire safety

　　At present, there are three main ways to install elevators in old buildings: flat-level entrances in stairwells, flat-level entrances in balconies, and half-level entrances in stairwells. From the perspective of fire protection, enter the house from the half-level of the stairs.

　　① After the stairs are removed and replaced, the flat-level entry method of the stairs has no windows, no natural light, no natural wind, and no fire door between the corridor and the stairs for safety isolation.

　　② The removal and reconstruction of the stairs will double the disaster relief and evacuation routes between the stairs, and significantly increase the difficulty and risk of disaster prevention and rescue.

　　③ When entering the house from the balcony, the large windows of the stairs are replaced with small windows, which are usually closed to ensure the safety of pedestrians. When a fire occurs in the elevator, personnel need to pass through the residents' homes through the corridor before they can evacuate to the safe passage in the stairwell. If no one at home opens the door, the situation will be very dangerous.

　　From the corridor through the small window to the rest platform in the stairwell, the height difference is about 1.5m, which is difficult for ordinary people to pass through and escape.

　　(3) A large number of glass curtain walls and aluminum-plastic panels are used to enclose the shaft tower and corridors.

　　① The current regulations stipulate that glass curtain walls shall not be used above the second floor of the elevator structure to prevent the glass from falling off and injuring pedestrians. Aluminum-plastic panels are also difficult to withstand strong winds and earthquakes and are easy to fall off.

　　② Due to the thin sealing of the shaft tower of the old building elevator, it is hot in summer and cold in winter. The elevator operating environment exceeds -5~40 degrees Celsius, affecting the safe operation of the elevator.

       The above is the introduction of the relevant regulations and fire regulations that must not be violated when installing elevators in old buildings.